Abstract

In the era of globalization, unilateralism and trade protectionism are on the rise, leading to more complex market environments and heightened competitive pressures for enterprises. Basic research, a key component of scientific and technological innovation, is crucial for long-term growth and competitiveness. This study explores the link between export activities and basic research capabilities. It uses panel data from enterprises at Zhongguancun in Beijing between 2005 and 2015, employing the PSM-DID model. The findings give three main insights: (1) Exports can drive companies to improve their basic research. This is evident in the increase in their scientific publications. (2) The impact of exports varies across enterprises of different technological proficiency and ownership. Two types of enterprises, non-state-owned ones and those of high technological capabilities, experience a greater enhancement in their basic research capabilities as a result of exports; while another two types, the state-owned enterprises, and enterprises with low technological capabilities see less significant improvements in their basic research capabilities. (3) Exports influence enterprises’ basic research through knowledge absorption and available capital. They help companies acquire international knowledge, fueling demand for basic research and innovation. Moreover, exports increase revenue and profits, providing funds for research investment. This enhances the efficiency and quality of R&D efforts.