This study explores the impact of technology transfer on the performance of small agricultural businesses in developing economies, focusing on Pakistan, using the Barry Bozeman Contingent Effectiveness Model of Technology Transfer as its theoretical framework. A sample of 107 enterprises was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test hypotheses and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to identify configurational pathways. SEM results show that transfer providers, mechanisms, resource availability, and the demand environment significantly enhance firm performance, while recipient absorptive capacity does not exhibit a statistically significant effect. The fsQCA identifies two distinct configurations for achieving high firm performance: the first solution emphasizes the presence of robust transfer mechanisms, transfer providers, recipient capacity, and resource availability, while the second highlights a strong demand environment, effective transfer mechanisms, and adequate resources, with recipient capacity playing a peripheral role in both. These findings emphasize the need for governments to develop targeted plans for technology transfer with small agricultural businesses, focusing on resource allocation, efficient systems, and market-driven demand. Policies should include specific incentives for agrarian technology transfer to enhance efficiency and strengthen food security measures.