The analysis of the current big data policy for scientific research can promote the ecological optimization of big data policy, and is a positive response to the national big data strategy. This paper constructs a “dual three-dimensional framework” to analyze the central and local science data policies from 2013 to 2022. With the dissemination and popularization of the concept of scientific data sharing, policies and regulations related to scientific data management have been issued, which promotes the emergence of scientific data policy ecology. The scientific data policy ecology is a complex and multi-collaborative dynamic system composed of policy text, policy environment and related personnel, the core of which lies in the policy itself, aiming to ensure the security of scientific data and promote the development of science. There are the following problems in the scientific data policy ecology: In terms of policy text, the policy effectiveness is low and the use of policy tools is uneven. In terms of relevant personnel, the cooperation network density among various subjects is low and there is a lack of high-quality talents. In terms of policy environment, there is an imbalance of regional funding support. It also puts forward some optimization strategies, such as strengthening the systematization of policy texts, improving the degree of coordination of policy subjects to form a long-term cooperation network, and improving the degree of compatibility between environment, personnel and policies.
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